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Belarusian partisans is a generic term for World War II partisans of Belarusian background, engaged in armed combat. They comprised Soviet-formed irregular military groups participating in the Belarusian resistance during World War II against Nazi Germany as well as the pro-German collaborationist structures behind the Soviet front. ==Operation Barbarossa== (詳細はOperation Barbarossa, the German pacification operations were able to curb partisan activity significantly throughout the summer and fall of 1941. The Belarusian Auxiliary Police was established by the Nazis in July 1941 and deployed to murder operations particularly in February–March 1942. ''Generalreichskommissar'' Wilhelm Kube was appointed the German administrator of the ''Generalbezirk Weißruthenien'' district. Many Soviet-formed units went underground, and generally, in late 1941 and early 1942, the partisans weren't undertaking the significant military operations, limiting themselves to sorting out the organizational problems, building up the logistics support and gaining influence with the local people.〔 In August 1941, about 231 partisan detachments were operating in Soviet Belarus. The units totaled 437 by the end of the 1941, comprising more than 7,200 personnel.〔(All-people struggle in Belarus against the German-fascist invaders) Всенародная борьба в Белоруссии против немецко-фашистских захватчиков. Т. 1. С. 84, 112., as cited in (HistB5) Гісторыя Беларусі: У 6 т. Т. 5. Беларусь у 1917—1945. — Мн.: Экаперспектыва, 2006. — 613 с.; іл. ISBN 985-469-149-7. p.491.〕 By the incomplete Russian data, in the end of the 1941, 99 partisan detachments and about 100 partisan groups operated in Soviet Belarus.〔(All-people struggle...) V.1. p.107., as cited in (HistB5) p.493.〕 In Winter 1941-1942, 50 partisan detachments and about 50 underground organisations and groups operated there.〔(HistB5) p.493.〕〔To the end of 1941 only in the Minsk area there were at least 50 partisan groups having more than 2,000 fighters. 〕 In the period of December 1941, the German guard forces in the Army Group «Center» rear comprised 4 security divisions, 2 SS brigades, 260 companies of different branches of service.〔Turonek, P.78.〕 As the front moved further away from eastern Poland, the logistical conditions steadily worsened for the partisan units, as the resources ran out, and there was no wide-scale support from over the front line until March 1942. One outstanding difficulty was the lack of radio communication, which wasn't addressed until April 1942. The support of the local people was also insufficient.〔Turonek, P.76.〕 So, for several months, partisan units in Belarus were virtually left to themselves. Especially difficult for the partisans was the winter of 1941-1942, with severe shortages in ammunition, medicine and supplies. The actions of partisans were prevailingly uncoordinated. The Battle of Moscow turned the tide in the morale of the partisans and of the local people in general. However, the real turning point in the development of the partisan movement in Belarus, and, in fact, on the German-occupied territories in general, came in the course of the Soviet winter offensive of 1942. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Belarusian partisans」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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